Integrand size = 24, antiderivative size = 347 \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}}{\sqrt {x}} \, dx=\frac {b x^{3/2} \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}{3 \sqrt {c} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}}+\frac {1}{3} \sqrt {x} \sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} b \sqrt {x} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} E\left (2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{3 c^{3/4} \sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} \left (b+2 \sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}\right ) \sqrt {x} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right ),\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{6 c^{3/4} \sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}} \]
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Time = 0.14 (sec) , antiderivative size = 347, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 5, number of rules used = 5, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.208, Rules used = {1935, 1967, 1211, 1117, 1209} \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}}{\sqrt {x}} \, dx=\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {x} \left (2 \sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}+b\right ) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right ),\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{6 c^{3/4} \sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} b \sqrt {x} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} E\left (2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{3 c^{3/4} \sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}}+\frac {1}{3} \sqrt {x} \sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}+\frac {b x^{3/2} \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}{3 \sqrt {c} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}} \]
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Rule 1117
Rule 1209
Rule 1211
Rule 1935
Rule 1967
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \frac {1}{3} \sqrt {x} \sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}+\frac {1}{3} \int \frac {\sqrt {x} \left (2 a+b x^2\right )}{\sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}} \, dx \\ & = \frac {1}{3} \sqrt {x} \sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {x} \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}\right ) \int \frac {2 a+b x^2}{\sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx}{3 \sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}} \\ & = \frac {1}{3} \sqrt {x} \sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {a} \left (2 \sqrt {a}+\frac {b}{\sqrt {c}}\right ) \sqrt {x} \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx}{3 \sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}}-\frac {\left (\sqrt {a} b \sqrt {x} \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}\right ) \int \frac {1-\frac {\sqrt {c} x^2}{\sqrt {a}}}{\sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx}{3 \sqrt {c} \sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}} \\ & = \frac {b x^{3/2} \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}{3 \sqrt {c} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}}+\frac {1}{3} \sqrt {x} \sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} b \sqrt {x} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} E\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{3 c^{3/4} \sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} \left (b+2 \sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}\right ) \sqrt {x} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{6 c^{3/4} \sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}} \\ \end{align*}
Result contains complex when optimal does not.
Time = 1.64 (sec) , antiderivative size = 452, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.30 \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}}{\sqrt {x}} \, dx=\frac {\sqrt {x} \left (4 c \sqrt {\frac {c}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} x \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )+i b \left (-b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} \sqrt {\frac {2 b-2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+4 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} E\left (i \text {arcsinh}\left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\frac {c}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} x\right )|\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right )-i \left (-b^2+4 a c+b \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} \sqrt {\frac {2 b-2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+4 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (i \text {arcsinh}\left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\frac {c}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} x\right ),\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right )\right )}{12 c \sqrt {\frac {c}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} \sqrt {x \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}} \]
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Time = 1.51 (sec) , antiderivative size = 430, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.24
method | result | size |
risch | \(\frac {x^{\frac {3}{2}} \left (c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a \right )}{3 \sqrt {x \left (c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a \right )}}+\frac {\left (\frac {a \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, F\left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )}{6 \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}-\frac {b a \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \left (F\left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )-E\left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )\right )}{6 \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}\, \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}\right ) \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}\, \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt {x \left (c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a \right )}}\) | \(430\) |
default | \(\frac {\sqrt {x \left (c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a \right )}\, \left (\sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, c \,x^{5}+\sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, b c \,x^{5}+\sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, b \,x^{3}+\sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, b^{2} x^{3}+a \sqrt {-\frac {2 \left (\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, x^{2}-b \,x^{2}-2 a \right )}{a}}\, \sqrt {\frac {\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, x^{2}+b \,x^{2}+2 a}{a}}\, F\left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {b \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}-2 a c +b^{2}}{a c}}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}+b a \sqrt {-\frac {2 \left (\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, x^{2}-b \,x^{2}-2 a \right )}{a}}\, \sqrt {\frac {\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, x^{2}+b \,x^{2}+2 a}{a}}\, E\left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {b \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}-2 a c +b^{2}}{a c}}}{2}\right )+\sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, a x +\sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, a b x \right )}{3 \sqrt {x}\, \left (c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a \right ) \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}\) | \(508\) |
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none
Time = 0.09 (sec) , antiderivative size = 314, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.90 \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}}{\sqrt {x}} \, dx=\frac {\sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} {\left (b c x^{2} \sqrt {\frac {b^{2} - 4 \, a c}{c^{2}}} - b^{2} x^{2}\right )} \sqrt {c} \sqrt {\frac {c \sqrt {\frac {b^{2} - 4 \, a c}{c^{2}}} - b}{c}} E(\arcsin \left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {\frac {c \sqrt {\frac {b^{2} - 4 \, a c}{c^{2}}} - b}{c}}}{x}\right )\,|\,\frac {b c \sqrt {\frac {b^{2} - 4 \, a c}{c^{2}}} + b^{2} - 2 \, a c}{2 \, a c}) - \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} {\left ({\left (b c - 2 \, c^{2}\right )} x^{2} \sqrt {\frac {b^{2} - 4 \, a c}{c^{2}}} - {\left (b^{2} + 2 \, b c\right )} x^{2}\right )} \sqrt {c} \sqrt {\frac {c \sqrt {\frac {b^{2} - 4 \, a c}{c^{2}}} - b}{c}} F(\arcsin \left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {\frac {c \sqrt {\frac {b^{2} - 4 \, a c}{c^{2}}} - b}{c}}}{x}\right )\,|\,\frac {b c \sqrt {\frac {b^{2} - 4 \, a c}{c^{2}}} + b^{2} - 2 \, a c}{2 \, a c}) + 2 \, \sqrt {c x^{5} + b x^{3} + a x} {\left (c^{2} x^{2} + b c\right )} \sqrt {x}}{6 \, c^{2} x^{2}} \]
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\[ \int \frac {\sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}}{\sqrt {x}} \, dx=\int \frac {\sqrt {x \left (a + b x^{2} + c x^{4}\right )}}{\sqrt {x}}\, dx \]
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\[ \int \frac {\sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}}{\sqrt {x}} \, dx=\int { \frac {\sqrt {c x^{5} + b x^{3} + a x}}{\sqrt {x}} \,d x } \]
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\[ \int \frac {\sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}}{\sqrt {x}} \, dx=\int { \frac {\sqrt {c x^{5} + b x^{3} + a x}}{\sqrt {x}} \,d x } \]
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Timed out. \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {a x+b x^3+c x^5}}{\sqrt {x}} \, dx=\int \frac {\sqrt {c\,x^5+b\,x^3+a\,x}}{\sqrt {x}} \,d x \]
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